PGS - Pre Implantation Genetic Screening
PGS is a recent genetic screening test which assess for chromosomal abnormalities on embryos before it is implanted during an IVF cycle. This allows screening for the best embryos to be implanted thereby reducing the probability of an unhealthy foetus with certain congenital diseases.
In this technique a small biopsy is taken from an embryo which is then analysed by comparative genomic hybridisation (aCGH) with chromosomal profiling of all 24 chromosomes so as to detect common genetic abnormalities such as aneuploidies like Down syndrome, Edwards syndrome and Patau syndrome etc.
Who are offered this treatment?
- Usually it is offered to the following couples.
- When the age of the women is more than 35 years as risk of chromosomal abnormalities increases with increasing age
- Couples with a history of unknown recurrent and spontaneous miscarriages/ abortions.
- Couples with multiple IVF failures.
- Couples having previous child with genetic abnormalities, thalassemia, colour blindness etc.
What are the advantages of PGS?
- PGS is a more advanced test as earlier tests analysed only 5 chromosomes but PGS now analyzes all 23 chromosomes with detailed profiling.
- This technique brings down the current practice of post conceptions diagnostic tests and procedures and later termination of pregnancy if abnormality is detected in the foetus.
- It is a better way to of preventing a heritable genetic disease
